Transparent films could enable large-scale solar applications

The material, described in the journal Chemistry of Materials,could be used in development of transparent solar panels.

’Potentially, with future refinement of this technology, windows in a home or office could generate solar power,’ said Hsing-Lin Wang, a co-corresponding author of the paper and a researcher in the Chemistry Division at Los Alamos.

The new material is a semiconducting polymer spiked with fullerenes.

When applied to a surface under certain conditions, the material self-assembles in a repeating pattern of micron-sized hexagonal-shaped cells. Researchers are said to have created reproducible films of up to several square millimetres in area.

The material is largely transparent because the polymer chains pack together at the edges of the hexagons, remaining loosely packed and relatively thin across the centres. The densely packed edges strongly absorb light and could facilitate electrical conductivity, according to the researchers.

’Though such honeycomb-patterned thin films have previously been made using conventional polymers such as polystyrene, this is the first report of such a material that blends semiconductors and fullerenes to absorb light and efficiently generate charge and charge separation,’ said lead scientist Mircea Cotlet, a physical chemist at Brookhaven’s Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN).

Perfecting large-scale application of the material could enable a range of practical applications, such as energy-generating solar windows, or new types of optical displays.

The researchers fabricated the thin films by creating a flow of micron-sized water droplets across a thin layer of the polymer-fullerene solution.

The droplets assembled themselves into arrays within the polymer solution. Once the water evaporated, the scientists were left with thin films of polymer in a honeycomb pattern. The deposition method is claimed to be cost effective and potentially scalable to industrial size.