The PNR 12 measures the resistance a material provides against being pierced by a specifically shaped test body.
The USP (US Pharmacopeia) describes the consistency measurement by penetration method for microcrystalline wax, white petrolatum and carboxymethylcellulose sodium paste.
Download the full application report to see an example on how to measure white petrolatum.
UK productivity hindered by digital skills deficit – report
This is a bit of a nebulous subject. There are several sub-disciplines of 'digital skills' which all need different approaches. ...