O-Rings offer the designer an efficient and economical sealing element for a wide range of static or dynamic applications. Inexpensive production methods and its ease of use have made the O-Ring the most widely used seal.
A wide choice of elastomer materials for both standard and special application allow the O-Ring to be used to seal practically all liquid and gaseous media.
O-Rings are vulcanised in molds and are characterized by their circular form with annular cross section. The dimensions of the O-Ring are defined by the inside diameter d1 and cross section d2.
Comment: assessing the future of Britain’s road network
It seems to me, as I drive around, that a significant proportion of potholes are not actually potholes at all, but sunken grids and manhole covers....